Canada
Destination Canada, a Nations Online country profile of the second-largest country in the world.
Canada occupies most of the northern part of North America. The country is bounded by the North Atlantic Ocean on the east, the North Pacific Ocean on the west, and the Arctic Ocean on the north.
It borders Alaska (USA) in the west, and twelve US states of the continental part of the United States in the south. Its border with its southern neighbor runs mainly along the 45th parallel (north). It is the world’s longest international border between two countries (8,891 km (5,525 mi)).
Canada shares maritime borders with Greenland (an autonomous territory of Denmark) and Saint Pierre and Miquelon, a small island territory that belongs to France.
The country occupies an area of 9,984,670 km², making it the largest country in the Western Hemisphere. Compared, it is slightly larger than the US, or 18 times the size of France.
Canada has 13 sub-national divisions, ten provinces, and three territories. Each province has its system of local government. The region of what is today Canada was a long time part of colonial North America. The area became a self-governing colony in the mid 19th century while retaining ties to the British crown. On 1 July 1867, the British North America Act (today known as the Constitution Act, 1867) created Canada with its initial four provinces of Ontario, Québec, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia.
Canada is divided into multiple geographical regions, and its landscape offers a wide range of natural sceneries. The Canadian Shield, the largest geographical area, encompasses half the country and centers on Hudson Bay. Canada’s southeastern region is dominated by lowlands, bordered by the Great Lakes: Lake Michigan, Lake Superior, Lake Erie, and Lake Ontario.
Canada has a population of 38 million people (in 2020), which is only about 10% of the number of inhabitants of the neighboring USA. The national capital is Ottawa, the largest city is Toronto. Spoken languages are English and French.
Canada – The best destination for world class higher education, and for those who are seeking a outstanding living standards,
Canadian Economy
Canada is among the world’s wealthiest nations. The country is a member of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the Group of Seven (G7). The backbone of Canada’s economy is the service industry, which employs about three-quarters of the country’s workforce. Other important economic sectors are the wood and oil industry as well as the manufacturing industry with its automobile and aircraft industry.
Banks and Stock Exchanges
Bank of Canada
Canada’s central bank.
Business Development Bank of Canada (BDC)
A federal Crown corporation wholly owned by the Government of Canada.
Canada’s Big Five banks
Bank of Montreal
The Canadian multinational investment bank and financial services company maintains headquarters in Montreal and Toronto.
Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce
CIBC is a chartered bank with its headquarters in Toronto.
Royal Bank of Canada
Canadian multinational financial services company and the largest bank in Canada.
Scotiabank
The Bank of Nova Scotia is a Canadian multinational banking and financial services company with headquarters in Toronto.
Toronto-Dominion Bank
TD is a Canadian multinational banking and financial services company with headquarters in Toronto.
Stock Exchange
Bourse de Montréal
The Montréal Stock Exchange (MX) is owned by Toronto-based TMX Group.
TSX Group
The Toronto Stock Exchange is one of the top 10 largest stock exchanges in the world.
Business
Business and industry
Canadian government services for doing businesses in Canada. The website provides information about permits and regulations, intellectual property, business support, and how to sell to the government.
Canadian Chamber of Commerce
The Canadian Chamber of Commerce is Canada’s largest and most influential business association.
List of the largest companies in Canada
Wikipedia’s list of Canada’s largest companies in terms of revenue, net income, and total assets.
Transportation
Airlines
Air Canada
Canada’s largest airline and the country’s flag carrier.
West Jet Air
Second-largest Canadian air carrier.
Bus
Coach Canada
Bus services in Quebec and Ontario.
Greyhound Canada
Greyhound Canada is the largest provider of intercity bus transportation in Canada. (temporarily suspend)
Megabus
Low-cost bus service in Canada.
Railroad
Canadian National Railway
CN is Canada’s largest railroad company based in Montreal; it provides freight services in Canada and the USA.
Canadian Pacific Railway
The other freight railway.
The Rocky Mountaineer
The Rocky Mountaineer operates rail tours through British Columbia and Alberta.
Ontario Northland Railway
ONT operates freight and passenger services in northern Ontario.
VIA Rail Canada
VIA, the federal crown corporation operates intercity passenger rail service in Canada.
Country Profile
Official Name:
Canada
Formal title: Dominion of Canada
ISO Country Code: ca, CAN
Actual Time:
Halifax: Mon-Mar-15 05:51
Local Time = UTC -4h
Montreal, Toronto, Ottawa, Iqaluit: Mon-Mar-15 04:51
Local Time = UTC -5h
Winnipeg: Mon-Mar-15 03:51
Local Time = UTC -6h
Calgary, Yellowknife: Mon-Mar-15 02:51
Local Time = UTC -7h
Vancouver: Mon-Mar-15 01:51
Local Time = UTC -8h
Map of Canada’s time zone anomalies.
Capital City: 
Ottawa (pop. 1 million)
Other Cities:
Toronto (4.5 million), Montreal (3.4 million), Vancouver (2.0 million), Calgary (1 million), Quebec (500.000)
Government:
Type: Confederation with parliamentary democracy.
Independence:1 July 1867 (from the UK).
Constitution: The amended British North America Act of 1867 patriated to Canada on
17 April 1982, Charter of Rights and Freedoms, and unwritten custom. (Constitution Act of 1982)
Geography:
Location: Northern North America, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean on the east, North Pacific Ocean on the west, and the Arctic Ocean on the north.
Area: 9.9 million km² (3.8 million sq. mi.); second-largest country in the world.
Terrain: as large as the country is, it offers many different landscapes, towering mountains, vast prairies, desert-like areas, frozen arctic tundra, 17,000 glaciers, steep valleys, hilly promontories, huge rivers and lakes.
Climate: Varies from temperate in south to subarctic and arctic in north.
People:
Nationality: Noun and adjective–Canadian(s).
Population: 38 million (2020)
GNI per capita PPP: $ 42,080 (2020)
Ethnic groups: people of British descent (28%), French descent (23%), Italian descent (3%), aboriginal peoples (2%), plus significant minorities of German, Ukrainian, Dutch, Greek, Polish and Chinese.
Religions: Religion: Catholic (45%), Protestant (36%), and minorities from most of the world’s major religions.
Languages: English 59.3% (official), French 23.2% (official), and 53 native languages.
Literacy: 97-99% of the population aged 15 and over.
Natural resources: Iron ore, nickel, zinc, copper, gold, lead, molybdenum, potash, silver, fish, timber, wildlife, coal, petroleum, natural gas, hydropower.
Agriculture products: Wheat, barley, oilseed, tobacco, fruits, vegetables; dairy products; forest products; fish.
Industries: Transportation equipment, chemicals, processed and unprocessed minerals, food products; wood and paper products; fish products, petroleum and natural gas.
Exports – commodities: motor vehicles and parts, industrial machinery, aircraft, telecommunications equipment; chemicals, plastics, fertilizers; wood pulp, timber, crude petroleum, natural gas, electricity, aluminum.
Exports partners: USA 76.4%, China 4.3% (2017)
Imports – commodities: machinery and equipment, motor vehicles and parts, crude oil, chemicals, electricity, durable consumer goods.
Imports partners: USA 51.5%, China 12.6%, Mexico 6.3% (2017)
Currency: Canadian Dollar (CAD)
The Pariliament of Canada
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